Heat & Thermodynamics Manufacturer, Suppliers and Exporter in India
School Instrument India is leading Heat & Thermodynamics Manufacturer,and supplier and Exporter in India, Algeria (Algiers), Angola (Luanda), Argentina (Buenos Aires), Armenia (Yerevan), Australia(Canberra), Austria (Vienna), Bahrain (Manama), Bangladesh (Dhaka), Bhutan (Thimphu), Bolivia (Sucre), Botswana (Gaborone), Brazil (Brasília), Brunei (Bandar Seri Begawan), Montenegro (Podgorica), Morocco (Rabat), Mozambique (Maputo), Myanmar (Naypyidaw), Namibia (Windhoek), Nepal (Kathmandu), New Zealand (Wellington), Nigeria (Abuja), Oman (Muscat), Palestine (Ramallah), Panama (Panama City), Papua New Guinea (Port Moresby), Paraguay (Asunción), Peru (Lima), Philippines (Manila)¸ Portugal (Lisbon), Qatar (Doha), Rwanda (Kigali), Saudi Arabia (Riyadh), Senegal (Dakar), Serbia (Belgrade), Sierra Leone (Freetown), Slovakia (Bratislava), South Africa (Cape Town) (Pretoria) (Bloemfontein), South Sudan (Juba), Spain (Madrid), Sri Lanka (Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte) (Colombo), Sudan (Khartoum), Syria (Damascus), Tanzania (Dodoma), Thailand (Bangkok), Togo (Lomé), Tonga (Nuku'alofa), Trinidad and Tobago (Port of Spain), Tunisia (Tunis), Turkey (Ankara), Turkmenistan (Ashgabat), Uganda (Kampala), United Arab Emirates (Abu Dhabi), United Kingdom (London), United States (Washington, D.C.)
Reviewed 14 October 2026 by Arvind Kumar, Lab Equipment Specialist (12+ years) · Written by Palak Mall, Senior Content Writer
Heat & Thermodynamics on School Instrument India lists 56 teaching instruments for school and college physics laboratories, grouped into four sub-ranges: Energy Transfer (14 items), Engine Models (12 items), Heat Capacity and Heat Conduction (19 items) and Thermal Expansion and Thermo Electricity (11 items). The range covers calorimetry, thermal conductivity, thermal expansion, thermoelectric effects and sectioned engine models. Every dimension, material and electrical rating quoted on this page is the figure printed on the individual product page it links to.
The four sub-ranges
| Sub-range | Items | What it covers |
|---|---|---|
| Energy Transfer | 14 | Steam generation and energy-conversion units: boilers, steam heaters, a line shaft unit, flywheel, turbine pump unit and motor units. |
| Engine Models | 12 | Sectioned and working engine models: two- and four-stroke petrol and diesel, gas, Wankel, turbojet, Hero's engine and steam engines. |
| Heat Capacity and Heat Conduction | 19 | Calorimeters and conductivity apparatus, including Searle's, Lee and Charlton, Ingen Hausz and continuous-flow types, plus a hypsometer and immersion heater. |
| Thermal Expansion and Thermo Electricity | 11 | Ball and ring, bar and gauge, bar breaking and linear expansion apparatus, bi-metal strips, thermocouple and thermopiles. |
The Three-Service Rule
Items in this range are not interchangeable in a lab that has not been serviced for them. Across all 56 listings, every instrument needs exactly one of three bench services, and it is worth checking which before a lot is ordered, because the apparatus that needs a steam supply is useless without a boiler on the same bench.
| Service needed | Instruments in this range | What has to be on the bench |
|---|---|---|
| No service | Ball and ring, bi-metal strips, thermocouple, thermopile, non-electric sectioned engines, calorimeter vessels | Nothing. A heat source such as a spirit lamp or burner is used where the experiment needs one, supplied separately. |
| Steam supply | Searle's conductivity apparatus, Lee and Charlton apparatus, hypsometer, heat of steam apparatus | A boiler or steam generator feeding the jacket. The steam generator with water gauge and the 2 litre boiler supplied with the heat of steam apparatus both serve this role. |
| Electrical supply | Steam engine with dynamo, electric double wall calorimeter, continuous flow calorimeter, immersion heater | Mains or a low-voltage bench supply. Ratings listed run from a 12 V 50 W immersion heater and a 5 W calorimeter coil up to 230 V AC 50 Hz on the steam engine with dynamo. |
Choosing between the conductivity instruments
Four instruments in the Heat Capacity and Heat Conduction sub-range measure conduction, and they are not alternatives to one another — each is built for a different class of sample. Specifying the wrong one is the most common avoidable error in a heat laboratory order.
| Apparatus | Measures | Construction as listed |
|---|---|---|
| Searle's Thermal Conductivity of Copper | Conductivity of a good conductor, along a bar | Copper bar 25 mm diameter and 300 mm long, steam jacket heater at one end and a copper water-cooled spiral at the other, tubes for water inlet and thermometers, felt insulation removable from the front, in a wooden case. |
| Lee and Charlton Apparatus | Conductivity of a bad conductor supplied as a thin layer | Sample sits between two cylinders: a brass slab with a 5 cm deep hollow cylinder of the same diameter resting on it, inlet and outlet tubes for steam, radial holes for thermometers, suspended by strings. |
| Ingen Hausz's Apparatus | Comparison of conduction rates between six different metals at once | Sheet metal trough with seven holes on four detachable legs, six metal rods of different metals mounted vertically with one end inside the trough, scratch-resistant epoxy coating, electroplated stand. |
| Continuous Flow Calorimeter | Specific heat of water or a similar liquid, not conductivity | Glass tube 100 mm long with an electric heating element, two screw terminals for the supply, two thermometers reading the temperature rise, inlet and outlet connected by rubber bungs. |
In short: Searle's for a metal bar, Lee and Charlton for a poor conductor in sheet form, Ingen Hausz to rank several metals side by side, and the continuous flow calorimeter when the quantity wanted is specific heat rather than conductivity.
Engine models: working, sectioned and non-electric
The 12 engine models divide by whether they run and by how they are driven, which decides whether the model suits a demonstration bench or a display cabinet.
- Hand-cranked sectioned models — the 4 stroke diesel engine is listed in aluminium alloy and gun metal, 43 cm overall height, with a sectioned fuel supply, a crank handle for manual operation and ignition shown by a miniature bulb, mounted on a metal base with a printed diagram and legend. The Wankel engine demonstration model uses the same miniature-bulb ignition and a rear crank handle, its arch-shaped triangular rotor tracing an epitrochoid as it turns.
- Mains-driven working models — the steam engine with dynamo is listed as a fully functional working model that runs a small dynamo to light a lamp through its flywheel and driving gear, with pressure gauge, whistle and safety valve, 410 x 325 x 370 mm overall, operating on 230 V AC 50 Hz.
- Non-electric working models — Hero's Engine is a functional borosilicate glass model of the earliest form of steam turbine, a bulb of approximately 70 mm diameter with side arms bent at right angles and drawn into jets, carried on a metal stand that lets it rotate about its horizontal axis.
Thermal expansion and thermoelectric apparatus
| Item | Detail as listed |
|---|---|
| Ball and Ring Apparatus | A 25 mm diameter brass ball and a brass ring on separate wooden handles. The ball passes freely through the ring at equal temperature and will not pass once heated. |
| Bi-Metal Compound Strips | Two strips of different metals of the same size, riveted end to end on an insulated handle. On heating the strip curves, the metal with the larger expansion coefficient on the concave side. |
| Thermocouple | One wire each of copper and constantan, approximately 305 mm long, twisted and brazed together, for showing thermoelectric e.m.f. |
| Thermopile | Four wires each of copper and iron, 125 mm long, joined to form seven junctions — four on one side and three on the other — with brass connections on the outer wires. |
Placing an order for a heat laboratory
A heat and thermodynamics order is usually specified as a lot rather than item by item, because the steam and electrical services above have to be matched across the whole bench. School Instrument India states on its ordering pages that institutional purchase orders, bank transfers and government e-tender payments are accepted from schools, colleges, universities and training institutions in India. Orders are also stated as despatched to institutions across Asia, Africa and the Middle East. For a tendered requirement, the Tenders page is the route.
Several items in the range are supplied incomplete by design and need a thermometer or a heat source specified alongside them: the electric double wall calorimeter is listed as supplied without a thermometer, and both Searle's and the Lee and Charlton apparatus need thermometers and a steam feed. Listing those separately in the enquiry avoids a part-usable bench on delivery.
Related supply groups
- Mechanics and Fluid Mechanics — measurement, motion, pulleys, weights and balances, and properties of solids, liquids and air.
- Electricity & Magnetism — circuits, resistance, electromagnetism, electrochemistry and meters, including the supplies used with the mains-driven items above.
- Light & Optics — optical benches, lenses, prisms, gratings and spectrometers.
- Educational Lab Equipment — the wider school and college teaching range.
- Contact — to send an item list and quantities for quotation.
Questions buyers ask
How many items are in the Heat & Thermodynamics range?
Fifty-six listings across four sub-ranges: 14 in Energy Transfer, 12 in Engine Models, 19 in Heat Capacity and Heat Conduction and 11 in Thermal Expansion and Thermo Electricity.
Which apparatus should be used for the thermal conductivity of a metal rather than an insulator?
Searle's Thermal Conductivity of Copper Apparatus is built for a good conductor, using a copper bar 25 mm in diameter and 300 mm long with a steam jacket at one end and a water-cooled spiral at the other. For a poor conductor supplied as a thin layer, the Lee and Charlton Apparatus clamps the sample between two cylinders instead.
Do any items in this range need a steam supply?
Yes. Searle's apparatus, the Lee and Charlton apparatus and the copper hypsometer all take steam into a jacket, and the heat of steam apparatus is supplied with a 2 litre tin plate boiler for the purpose. A separate steam generator with water gauge is listed as a cylindrical copper vessel of approximately 2 litres, 300 mm high and 120 mm in diameter, fitted with a riffled tube and water gauge.
Which engine models actually run?
The steam engine with dynamo is listed as fully functional and able to light a lamp through a small dynamo, operating on 230 V AC 50 Hz. Hero's Engine is a functional glass steam turbine model needing no electrical supply. The sectioned petrol, diesel, gas and Wankel models are turned by a crank handle, with ignition simulated by a miniature bulb.
What electrical ratings are listed in this range?
The immersion heater is a sheathed 12 V 50 W nominal element in a 150 mm stainless steel tube with 180 mm flying leads. The electric double wall calorimeter carries a 5 watt heating coil across a 250 ml inner and 900 ml outer aluminium vessel. The steam engine with dynamo is listed at 230 V AC 50 Hz.
Can a thermometer be supplied with the calorimeters?
The electric double wall calorimeter is listed as supplied without a thermometer, and the conductivity apparatus takes thermometers in radial holes rather than including them. Add the thermometer ranges and quantities needed to the enquiry sent through the contact page so they are quoted on the same list.
Request a quotation
Send the item names, codes and quantities through the contact page and a quotation covering packing and despatch will be returned against that list. State the bench services available — steam, mains voltage, or neither — so the lot can be checked against the Three-Service Rule above before it is quoted. Current ISO certificate copies can be requested from School Instrument India before an order is placed.
